Gasoline Injection Fundamentals
Gasoline is the most common type of automotive fuel. It is an abundant and highly flammable part of crude oil. Extra chemicals, called additives (lead, detergents, antioxidants, etc.), are mixed into gasoline to improve its operating characteristics.
Leaded ad unleaded gasoline
Leaded gasoline has lead antiknock additives. The lead allows a higher engine compression ratio to be used without the fuel igniting prematurely.
Leaded gasoline is designed to be used in older cars which have little or no emission controls. They were not required to pass strict air pollution standards.
Note! The lead additives in gasoline also act as a LUBRICANT. The lead coats the face of the valves and seats in the engine, helping to prevent wear.
Unleaded gasoline, also called no-lead or lead-free, does NOT contain lead antiknock additives. Congress passed laws making cars meet strict emission levels. As a result, auto makers began using catalytic converters (device in exhaust system for treating exhaust emissions) and unleaded fuel.
Lead additives cannot be used in a car with a catalytic converter. The lead will coat the inside of the converter and prevent it from working.
If unleaded fuel is in a car designed for leaded fuel, it can increase valve and seat wear.
Only use the type of fuel recommended by the auto maker.
Gasoline Injection Controls there are three common methods used to control the amount of gasoline injected into the engine: electronic controls, hydraulic controls, and mechanical controls. Older gasoline injection systems use a combination of each.
Electronic fuel injection control uses various engine sensors and a computer to control the opening and closing of the injection valves. This is the most modern and common type of gasoline injection system. It will be covered in detail.
Hydraulic fuel injection control refers to hydraulically (air or fuel pressure) moved control devices. Hydraulic control uses an airflow sensor and a fuel distributor.
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Gregory Lorson 